His work is based on the very important discoveries made by French biologist Louis Pasteur who was able to link some microorganisms with disease.

This brought a revolution in medicine. He also devised one of the most important methods in preventive medicine, when in 1880 he produced the vaccine against rabies.

Pasteur also invented the process of pasteurization to help prevent the spread of disease through milk and other foods, whom it’s named after.

Also Pasteur was an individual worker, an unlike his contemporary Robert Koch, regardless, Pasteur was a man who thought laterally and his vaccination for Rabies, was indeed a milestone, but no one still understood in the 1880s the mechanisms for such immunity.

The role of womankind was increasingly founded by the likes of Elizabeth Blackwell, Elizabeth Garret, Florence Nightingale, etc. They showed a previously a male dominated profession, the elemental role of nursing in lessening the aggravation of patient mortality, resulting from lack of hygiene and nutrition. Nightingale, set up the St Thomas hospital, post-Crimea, in 1852.

Robert Koch is considered one of the founders of bacteriology. He is famous for the discovery of the tubercle bacillus (1883) and for his development of Koch’s postulates.

It was not until the 20th century that there was a true breakthrough in medicine, with great advances in pharmacology and surgery. For the great war spurred the usage of Rontgen’s X-ray and the electrocardiograph, for the monitoring of internal bodily problems.

However, this was overshadowed by the remarkable mass production of penicillium antibiotic, which was a result of government and public pressure. The antibiotic prevented the deaths of thousands during the conquest of Vichy France in 1944. The 20th century witnessed a shift from a master-apprentice paradigm of teaching of clinical medicine to a more “democratic” system of medical schools.